Learning modules

Structure and story of the heart, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the brain, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the lungs, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the liver, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the kidneys, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the eye, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the intestine, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the pancreas, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the skin, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the skeleton, layer by layer.

Structure and story of the muscles, layer by layer.

The reference posture every description in the course silently assumes, and the three planes cut through it.

Superior and inferior, medial and lateral, proximal and distal — the vocabulary the rest of the course is written in.

Flexion, abduction, rotation and the special movements that do not fit the three-plane scheme.

How the body is compartmented, what lines each compartment, and the surface landmarks used to find them.

Why the membrane holds together at all, and the four ways a molecule can get through it.

Follow one protein from its gene to the outside of the cell, and meet each organelle where it does its work.

What gives a cell its shape, what holds it to its neighbours, and what happens clinically when either fails.

How a cell copies itself, what stops it doing so at the wrong moment, and how it dies on purpose.

From the meeting of two gametes to a blastocyst arriving in the uterus, day by day.

The second week: burrowing into the endometrium, splitting into two layers, and building a placenta.

The third week: two layers become three, the notochord appears, and the nervous system is laid down.

How a flat disc becomes a cylinder with a gut inside it, and why weeks 3 to 8 are the dangerous ones.

The single idea the whole of physiology is built on, and the two shapes a control loop can take.

How a cell holds a voltage, how it inverts it in a millisecond, and how it passes the message on.

One heartbeat in five phases, what sets cardiac output, and how the lung loads oxygen and unloads CO₂.

How the kidney sets the volume and composition of the internal environment, and how hormones are commanded.

How a diploid stem cell becomes a haploid gamete — and why the male and female versions differ on almost every count.

Twenty-eight days seen twice over: once in the ovary, once in the endometrium, with the hormones that link them.

One axis, two feedbacks, and the reversal that produces ovulation.

From the meeting of the gametes to the hormones of pregnancy, and how contraception interrupts the chain.

Two divisions, one replication — and the two mechanisms that make every gamete unique.

The vocabulary that makes a genetics problem solvable, and the two crosses every exam is built on.

How to prove a mode of transmission from a family tree, and the arguments that actually count.

What changes in the DNA, what changes in the karyotype, and the difference in consequences.

What the immune system reads before it decides to attack, and why a graft is rejected.

The first line — immediate, identical every time, and the same for every intruder.

B lymphocytes, plasma cells and antibodies — how the body neutralises what circulates in its fluids.

How the body deals with what hides inside its own cells, and why CD4 T cells command the whole system.

Why the second encounter is different, how a vaccine exploits it, and what happens when the system breaks.