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For subscribersFemale genital tract

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Reproductive System

Female genital tract

The one passage open at both ends · Organa genitalia feminina interna
About a thousand follicles are lost each month, one of them ovulatedevery single day

Ovary, tube, uterus and vagina — a tract that makes an egg, catches it in open abdomen, and holds what may follow.

Key facts

Size
Uterus about 7.5 cm long; tube about 10 cm
Weight
Uterus 60–80 g, doubling in the years of use
Location
In the pelvis, between the bladder in front and the rectum behind
Function
Makes eggs and hormones, and carries a pregnancy

Did you knowThe uterine tube does not touch the ovary. The egg is released into the abdominal cavity and swept up by the fimbriae — a gap of a few millimetres that the whole tract is built around.

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Microscopic view

Endometrium and myometrium

Compare organs

Female and male tracts

Function animation

Makes eggs and hormones, and carries a pregnancy

Clinical notes

Red flags

  • Pelvic pain with a positive pregnancy test is an ectopic pregnancy until a scan says otherwise — a tube can bleed into the abdomen faster than the pain suggests.
  • Any bleeding after the menopause is endometrial cancer until proven otherwise, however light and however brief.
  • Pelvic pain with fever and cervical motion tenderness is pelvic inflammatory disease — treated on suspicion, because every day of delay costs tubal function.
  • Fibroids
  • Endometriosis
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome
  • Ectopic pregnancy
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Cervical cancer
  • Ovarian cancer
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding
Where it works

Reproductive System

Gonads that make gametes and hormones, ducts that carry them, and the glands and outlets that serve the journey — one plan, expressed two ways.

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